Flag cichlids, also known as Mesonauta festivus, are a peaceful and attractive species of South American cichlid. They’re a great choice for community tanks (with the right tank mates) and are relatively easy to care for. Here’s a simple care guide:
 
 
 
 
Tank Requirements
 
 
Tank size: Minimum 30 gallons for a pair. Bigger is better, especially if housing with other fish.
Water temperature: 24–28°C (75–82°F)
pH level: 6.0–7.5
Water hardness: Soft to moderately hard (2–15 dGH)
Filtration: Good filtration is essential; they like clean, well-oxygenated water with a moderate current.
 
 
 
 
 
Tank Setup
 
 
Substrate: Sand or fine gravel.
Plants: They appreciate planted tanks, but may nibble at soft plants. Use hardy species like Java fern, Anubias, or floating plants.
Hiding spots: Provide driftwood, rocks, and caves for shelter.
Lighting: Moderate lighting; too bright can stress them.
 
 
 
 
 
Feeding
 
 
Diet: Omnivores. Offer a varied diet:
High-quality cichlid pellets or flakes
Frozen or live foods (bloodworms, brine shrimp)
Vegetables (blanched spinach, zucchini)
 
Feeding frequency: 1–2 times per day, only what they can consume in a few minutes.
 
 
 
 
 
Temperament & Tank Mates
 
 
Temperament: Generally peaceful for a cichlid, but may show mild aggression during breeding.
Tank mates: Other peaceful South American cichlids, tetras, Corydoras, and plecos. Avoid overly aggressive or fin-nipping fish.
 
 
 
 
 
Breeding
 
 
Breeding: Monogamous pairs form and care for their fry.
Spawning: They lay eggs on flat surfaces like rocks or plant leaves.
Parental care: Both parents guard the eggs and fry.
Tips: Condition with high-protein foods and ensure a calm environment.